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Is "Off" Capitalized in a Title?

Andy Feliciotti·1 min read

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Usually yes, because in most titles "off" is part of a phrasal verb ("Turn Off," "Sign Off," "Kick Off"), where it works as an adverb and is capitalized in every style guide. As a preposition with an object ("Off the Record," mid-title), it is three letters long and stays lowercase.

"Off" (as a Preposition) by Style Guide

Style guide"Off" mid-titleWhy
APLowercasePrepositions of three or fewer letters stay lowercase
APALowercaseShort prepositions (three or fewer letters) stay lowercase
ChicagoLowercasePrepositions are lowercase at any length
MLALowercasePrepositions are lowercase at any length
AMALowercasePrepositions of three or fewer letters stay lowercase
BluebookLowercasePrepositions of four or fewer letters stay lowercase

"Off" in Phrasal Verbs

  • How to Turn Off Notifications
  • Kick Off the New Year
  • Show Off Your Best Work
  • News off the Record

The converter recognizes common phrasal verbs, so "Turn Off" and "Kick Off" keep their capitals. In "News off the Record," "off" is a preposition and stays lowercase.

"On", "up", and "out" follow the same two rules.

"Off" in Sentence Case

APA reference lists, many news sites, and most UI text use sentence case instead of title case. There, only the first word and proper nouns get capitals, so "off" is lowercase unless it starts the title: "How to turn off notifications." Pick one of the two styles for a whole set of headings rather than mixing them.

Quick Answers

Should "off" be capitalized in a title?

In phrasal verbs ("Turn Off"), yes. As a preposition mid-title, no.

Is "off" capitalized in APA?

As a preposition, no; APA lists "off" among its short prepositions.